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首先来说一下I C O，全名是Initial Coin Offering，也被称为首次代币发行。也可以说是空气币发行。是一种使用加密货币筹集资金的方法，通常在尚未完全开发的区块链平台，产品或服务的项目中最受欢迎。付款方式通常是比特币或以太坊，但在某些情况下，也可以使用法定货币。 8 @9 G+ H" i9 b4 g [
投资者带着对公司前景的期望参加首次代币发行，推动需求从而使基础代币增值。换句话说，作为该加密货币项目的早期支持者，他们希望获得良好的投资回报率。 3 s2 c% C8 m2 F6 s# s# Z) k
通常，I C O代币会根据ERC-20标准在以太坊的区块链上创建，因此称为E R C-20代币。
6 H" U# r- g4 t% L/ W那么为什么公司会进行I C O 呢？
( v+ C! c$ ?# l1 g* k3 d+ J/ V是因为I C O 可以成为提高风险投资和项目资金的非常有效的方法。 对于创业公司而言，它允许他们根据一个想法获得可支配的货币，这个想法可能已经或可能没有在市场上进行过测试。 许多这些小型的非成熟公司不太可能以任何其他方式获得资金。 传统的金融机构不太可能仅仅根据白皮书借贷启动资金，特别是在缺乏监管导致这些机构不愿意的加密领域。 ) } M2 u. C6 O# e- f+ l7 Q c
所以现在币圈的现状就是，很多发行机构以“基于比特币”这种噱头发行新的虚拟货币，散户需要用比特币或者E T H 这种主流币去购买融资，换取空气币，发行机构融到大量主流代币之后，空气币上市，很多都破发了，甚至有些机构一走了之。所以也导致I C O 现在已经被很多国家明令禁止。
# S, T* ]5 |1 z. L0 o m( J5 w接下来，聊一下I F O ，全名Initial Fork Offering ，也叫首次分叉币发行。
. f: S7 O7 d5 F) q# P; Z" ?8 K分叉币，基于主流代币发行的一种衍生代币，I F O的好处就是，散户可以用主流币进行预挖矿而获得衍生代币，也可以理解为零成本，即使衍生代币破发，也就是发行后一路跌，跌破发行价，也不会有什么损失，毕竟零成本。
/ k( g6 k& J3 v( ?; LI F O还有一种解释是Initial Farm Offering，也就是通过质押某特定TOKEN，然后获得购买将要发行的NEW TOKEN的资格，一般在SWAP网站比较常见。
7 v- I( W5 j3 w1 Q9 K) z: O. o另外还有I E O ，Initial Exchange Offering 首次交易币发行。
# |0 I2 a6 M& O8 n" `/ h平台币，很多大的交易平台会发行自己的代币，比如B N B,O K T等等，这种代币的好处就是发行后直接上线交易所，有大平台做信用保障，相对稳当点。
( W0 Y M$ S- }1 o+ [接下来，I D O |
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