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[虚拟币资讯]
金色观察|Vitalik带你深入理解Danksharding
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前不久,以太坊创始人Vitalik在ETH上海峰会上表示,以太坊合并或将在8月开始,合并后的第一项重大事情是EIP-4844即proto-danksharding,而proto-danksharding只是Danksharding的第一步。 在近期的Bankless播客中,合并协调人Tim Beiko和Vitalik Buterin、以太坊研究员Dankrad Feist和Protolambda就proto-danksharding和Danksharding主题进行了深入对话。 以下为对话的主要内容。 什么是DankshardingDanksharding和proto-danksharding是对以太坊分片设计的迭代 分片是以太坊网络处理更多数据的一种方式。“所有这些分片方法都有相同的最终目标,即为第二层解决方案创建一个便宜的地方,以便在以太坊上发布数据。”Tim Beiko EIP-4844是proto-danksharding Proto-danksharding是迈向分片的第一步 Danksharding是对之前路线图的简化
从完全执行分片转变为仅数据分片自2016年发布以来,分片路线图一直在不断简化 第一步是决定不打扰二次方分片以外的任何事情 第二步是让每个分片块直接包含在信标链中 分片区块不再是包含将在以太坊层执行的交易,而是转变为分片区块只包含大块数据 2层rollup协议将负责使用该数据空间为其用户创建安全且可扩展的体验 接下来是Danksharding,只有一个提议者选择所有分片区块和出现在特定信标块中的分片 目前在时间线的一半进行完全分片
为什么可以在不牺牲链的去中心化的情况下实现Danksharding?EIP-4844如何帮助2层?什么是数据可用性以及它与存储在以太坊上的数据有何不同数据可用性:数据是否经过发布过程,在公共网络上广播,任何想要下载数据的人都有时间这样做? 当将以太坊与IPFS进行比较时,以太坊能够就数据可用性提供共识 2层协议取决于那里可用的数据 ZK Rollup示例:定序器(Sequencer)接受交易 —> sequencer发布包含state-delta的区块;定序器管理内部状态。 ZK Rollup和Validium的区别:
在ZK Rollup中,state-delta是链上的 在Validium中,只有证明是链上的。其他一切都是链下的 唯一的区别是当定序器消失时会发生什么。在Validium中,这是一个问题,因为如果定序器消失,资金就会永远卡在那里
数据可用性抽样如何工作?我们需要一种可扩展的方式来确保当人们想要下载一些数据时可以下载它 数据可用性抽样涉及选择数据的随机部分并尝试访问它们 如果你可以访问大部分数据,那就是你认为数据可用 如果有50%的数据可用,Reed-Solomon编码使你能够重建整个数据集 这支持扩展,因为它不需要100%的数据可用 攻击者必须将数据可用性降低到50%以上才能攻击网络 每下载10%的数据就可以将攻击减少10倍。这是一种确保数据可用性的可扩展方式
EIP-4844世界存储数据的成本降低了多少?为执行计算付出很多的人与为存储数据付出很多的人之间的区别KZG承诺什么是可信设置?EIP-4844何时部署?今年早些时候,他们为此写了一份提案 在ETHDenver黑客松中,他们实现了它并一直在测试它 两个不同的分支:进一步开发客户端软件并创建测试网;可信设置的发展 完成后,他们会将其包含为EIP Proto-danksharding是全面实施的垫脚石 试图在上海硬分叉中完成它
如果人们想从研究/工程的角度做出贡献,分片中有哪些未解决的问题?来源:金色财经 |
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