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[虚拟币交流]
SEC主席仍坚持：绝大部分的加密货币实际上是证券（转载）
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美国证券交易委员会(SEC)主席Gary Gensler在近两个月历经两大加密领域诉讼–瑞波: H5 a1 c( S2 V; W
(Ripple)和灰度(Grayscale)的重大败诉挫折后，仍坚定地认为他所领导的SEC应是加密货币产业的主管机关，并计4 T- V! V+ Z4 I$ D
划在美东时间12日再次于国会听证会上传达他一贯的观点。
* g$ h% ~! g& i$ b) ~据《Cointelegraph》引用提前获得消息报导，Gary Gensler在即将召开的参议院银行委员会听证会中所准备的
8 ?: I1 t+ M" p/ M' Y% s7 j书面证词中重申：「绝大部分的加密资产实际上是证券，应由SEC主责监管」。他在证词中写道：「鉴于加密产业
z7 M4 }& x5 j0 {! p U广泛存在不遵守证券法的情况，我们在这些市场中看到许多问题也就不足为奇了。我们以前看过这个故事，这让
' r) ?- }8 V3 |: }) o+ F$ b+ B人想起20年代联邦证券法实施之前的情况。加密资产证券市场没有任何迹象表明，投资者和发行人不值得受到联
" G3 q! E& c; d/ H邦证券法的保护。」' t0 {) z# U, d7 K; _% G
SEC主席：绝大多数加密代币可能皆符合豪威测试' V7 l+ e2 [2 ~6 [) _
自认为是加密货币监管主宰者的Gensler将再度向国会传达他一致的立场，认为不需要修改美国联邦证券法来适应
+ f$ W2 V/ Z0 b6 r( p5 s0 @加密货币，断言「几乎所有加密资产都符合豪威测试(Howey Test)」，这是一项决定特定资产或交易是否构成证
# Y$ M5 m+ B# g C. f4 _) _券发行的定性标准。- e$ w) Z3 o1 D) b
“国会在证券的定义中列出了一长串30多个项目，其中包括「投资合约」一词。正如我之前所说，在不预先判断
! D. K3 o. S' l1 M任何一种代币的情况下，绝大多数加密代币可能都符合投资合约测试。鉴于大多数加密代币都受到证券法的约% O, I& [# R: | @! g) ]
束，因此大多数加密中介机构也必须遵守证券法。”
$ B2 c9 P: r9 {2 C- ^2 {瑞波案吃鳖，SEC不服法官裁决提「中间上诉」
1 f" O5 {. C) I: Y1 l值得一提的是，SEC七月在加密货币领域面临首次重大败诉，法官Analisa Torres在简易判决中做出了部分有利于$ K5 f; t& o# S f9 i1 \
瑞波公司的裁决，认定交易所向散户贩售XRP并不构成投资合约、不属于证券，这被广泛视为加密货币产业的胜( J E' h& }' A' M
利。! W+ O$ q# ~1 D* x
尽管SEC律师此前直指Ripple关于交易所的散户销售部分判决有误，Torres法官的裁决对豪威测试「增加了毫无根2 b3 F) F/ Y5 _# \2 e
据的主观标准」，并正式在8月就瑞波案的裁决向法官提出「中间上诉」的要求，Torres法官随后在8月18日批准. E6 ?( ?; Z; b9 h4 ]9 V# P* {
了SEC针对瑞波案提交中间上诉的请求。
7 [: z/ B& t; U; C1 q瑞波公司已在本月初向法院提出动议，要求法官驳回SEC中间上诉的请求，称不存在中间上诉所需的特殊情况，并+ ~8 q2 _! f* ^5 U. w U
酸SEC提出中间上诉仅仅是对法官将XRP向散户的销售判定为不符合证券定义而感到不满。! {/ s; M# U0 c! t7 l
目前SEC仍未正式赢得中间上诉的动议，此前有法律专家对此看衰称「通常中间上诉仅特殊情况才会允许」，另外
# j5 ~: D' |/ B. L法官也计划于2024年Q2进行Ripple案的陪审团审判。/ M6 Q$ P3 m' \ w' `' c0 Y8 @
8 k( u; V" w$ u& _: s
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