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金色观察 | 欧盟采用基于分布式账本技术的市场基础设施试点制度
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2022 年 6 月 2 日,关于基于分布式账本技术的市场基础设施试点制度的 (EU) 2022/858 条例(条例)在欧盟官方公报上发布。该法规旨在消除以加密资产形式发行、交易和交易后金融工具的监管障碍,并确保欧盟监管机构在多边交易设施和分布式账本技术(DLT)应用方面获得经验,结算系统。这是欧盟委员会于 2020 年 9 月 24 日通过的数字金融一揽子计划中宣布的三项立法举措的第一个实施。 欧洲机构对金融科技和分布式账本技术的看法 该条例强调,欧盟在促进金融部门采用变革性技术方面具有政策利益。就此而言,该条例的序言明确指出,虽然许多加密资产可能不属于当前欧盟金融服务立法的范围,但许多其他加密资产确实符合欧盟法律规定的金融工具的条件。因此,一整套欧盟金融服务立法现在已经适用于开展与此类加密资产相关活动的发行人和公司。 为了促进其发展,以及总体上 DLT 的发展,同时保持对投资者、市场完整性、金融稳定性和透明度的高水平保护,欧洲机构已采用该条例,为基于 DLT 的市场基础设施建立试点制度。 基于分布式账本技术的市场基础设施试点制度 该法规为符合金融工具资格的加密资产交易的交易和结算制定了一个实验性的法律框架。在这里,它区分了: (一):DLT多边交易设施:只允许交易DLT金融工具的多边交易设施; (二):DLT 结算系统:以 DLT 金融工具进行交易以付款或交割进行结算的结算系统; (三):DLT 交易和结算系统:DLT 市场基础设施,结合了上述两种基础设施提供的服务(参见第 2 条,监管)。 在此类前提下,该条例对 DLT 多边交易设施和结算系统及其运营商提出了要求,涉及: l 为 DLT 市场基础设施的运营授予特定授权和豁免; l DLT市场基础设施的管理和监督; l DLT 市场基础设施运营商、主管当局和 欧洲证券和市场管理局ESMA 之间的合作。 该条例设计的试点制度将于 2023 年 3 月 23 日全面生效,而 ESMA 将致力于起草所需的指导方针。 数字金融一揽子计划中的其他欧盟立法举措 该法规只是欧盟在 2020 年在其数字金融一揽子计划中宣布的影响与加密资产相关活动的更全面的立法举措的一部分。 欧洲立法机构目前正在讨论可能在 2023 年之前获得批准的两种不同的法规提案: 展望 欧洲机构已采取措施建立一个创新的监管框架,该框架考虑到 DLT 和加密资产等技术发展,以提高欧盟在金融和技术领域的竞争力。 欧盟实施数字金融一揽子计划是通过创建数字单一市场使欧洲企业和公民能够充分利用技术创新来重振其在多个领域的作用的更广泛尝试的一部分。 欧盟委员会关于塑造欧洲数字未来的沟通 以及关于欧盟人工智能监管框架的提议进一步表明欧盟专注于建立与技术创新保持同步的法律框架。这也适用于 DLT 和加密资产。 2026 年,欧盟委员会将被要求评估该试点制度的有效性,该制度可能会扩展、修改或永久化。 如果这项努力取得成果,金融部门的公司可能能够投资于 DLT 研发,并将这些努力用于更清晰的监管环境。 原文:https://www.natlawreview.com/article/eu-adopts-pilot-regime-market-infrastructures-based-blockchain-and-other-dlts 译文:Willis 来源:金色财经 |
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