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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。 p+ R" c2 m( |# m% H
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-80254 T2 K5 P% x T( t2 {7 C
这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。7 U3 n0 Q* z5 X: \5 T8 M0 x
2 h* K' K4 e# u与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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8 a/ O' u% A4 t2 G4 t重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。8 ]+ l, S( L0 D& X, @: u
4 c E% B% O6 A这为什么重要？
* H) H. E2 V$ {6 {* }( l: M现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。
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% V) K7 @% [) g* x$ Z零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。
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9 @: V P: g" Q& Z) h( L更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。
$ X0 |) k/ }) t# q' `: ~
' T, R) ?+ m# d& u; \ q如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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0 H6 _+ F! C$ O! V7 K安全、架构和全局) [% e# N O( m. U9 w
根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：" ~) w% c+ Z. b* b; z4 m9 B {
( v( A4 W. A8 ]7 x这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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s5 v' Z" U S& q% |除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。1 y$ i& Q/ \/ x& W( y! Y
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最后想说的话
( g# h8 N8 r0 W0 mEIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
" _: O- u& Q1 ^- F以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。
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技术升级看着挺厉害的，到时候运行节点是不是更省心了 |
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这波升级真香，节点压力小了，验证也更高效了，感觉以后跑全节点轻松不少 |
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/ x) ]0 L" k# c* z看来大家转来的东西，来源相同了 |
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